Agricola's De re metallica, first published
in 1556, dealt with 'Digging of ore', 'Smelting', 'Separation
of silver from gold, and of lead from gold and silver', and the 'Manufacture of salt, soda, alum, vitriol,
sulphur, bitumen, and glass'. The combination of chemistry, mineralogy, and Agricola's
observations and experiences of the mining communities of southern Germany revolutionized
mining techniques, and played a crucial role in the massive increase in the production and export
of New World silver in the latter half of the i6th century.